حل تشریحی سوال شماره 11 زبان تخصصی (انگلیسی)

PART C: Reading Comprehension Directions: Read the following three passages and answer the questions by choosing the best choice (1), (2), (3), or (4). Then mark the correct choice on your answer sheet. Passage 1: A computer engineer can design a software system to detect context-independent misspellings and check the morphological consistency of words in a language such as Persian and English. A computational lexicon is among the most important resources needed to design such a system. The system assists a user by offering a set of candidate corrections that are close to the incorrect word. The software system isolates words in the text using the blank space between two consecutive words. Then, it evaluates the orthographical and morphological correctness of the words by means of the lexicon. If the system can find the exact word in the lexicon, it confirms the orthography and morphology of the word. Hence, increasing the number of words in the lexicon improves the system's performance in terms of accuracy. Obviously, all derivatives of a word in the language are expected to be in the lexicon. This point would cause the size/volume of the lexicon to be dramatically large. To reduce the size of a lexicon, the stem within the lexicon replaces the whole set of words, which can be extracted from the same stem. In order to obtain all of the derivative words from a stem existing in the lexicon, the morphological information for each of the stem words should be there. Hence, a code is inserted in front of each word containing information regarding its grammatical characteristics